What type of organism is Vibrio cholerae?

What type of organism is Vibrio cholerae?

Introduction. Vibrio cholerae is a curved, Gram-negative bacilli. The organism is widely distributed in aquatic environments, where it is a natural, free-living organism.

Is Vibrio cholerae an organism?

V cholerae is a saltwater organism, and its primary habitat is the marine ecosystem where it lives in association with plankton.

Is cholera a multicellular organism?

cholerae forms multicellular aggregates in the HCD QS-state. As part of its natural lifecycle, V. cholerae must repeatedly transition between surfaces and the liquid phase.

What is unique about Vibrio cholerae?

CHARACTERISTICS: Vibrio cholerae is a gram negative, non-spore forming, curved rod that is oxidase positive(1,2,3). It is very motile and has a single polar flagellum(1). The bacterium is 1- 3 µm by 0.5-0.8 µm, is a facultative anaerobe and is part of the Vibronaceae family(1,3).

How many types of Vibrio cholerae are there?

Microbiology and pathogenesis. V. cholerae is traditionally classified by O group (with >150 O types currently recognized in the widely used Sakazaki grouping system) and by biotype (classical and El Tor) and serotype (Ogawa, Inaba, and, rarely, Hikojima) [13].

What is the importance of Vibrio?

Three species of vibrio are of significance to humans: V. cholerae is the cause of cholera, and V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus both act as agents of acute enteritis, or bacterial diarrhea.

Where is cholera most likely to be found?

Cholera is mostly found in the tropics — in particular Asia, Africa, Latin America, India, and the Middle East. It’s rare in the United States, but people can still get it.

What do you need to know about Vibrio cholerae?

The minimum identification of O1 requires only serologic confirmation of the V. cholerae presence of O1 serotype antigens with suspect isolates. However, a more complete characterization of the organism may be necessary and may include various biochemical tests as well as the determination of other characteristics.

How is cholera toxin produced in the body?

The production of cholera toxin (CT) is an essential virulence property of epidemic strains of Vibrio choleraeO1. Each CT molecule is composed of five B (binding) subunits and one A (active) subunit. The B subunits bind to G M1 ganglioside receptors on epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa.

What are the serotypes of V.cholerae O1?

Serotypes of V. cholerae O1. Isolates of the O1 serogroup of V. choleraehave been further divided into three serotypes, Inaba, Ogawa, and Hikojima (very rare). Serotype identification is based on agglutination in antisera to type-specific O antigens (see Table VI-3).

Can a PCR assay be used to detect cholera?

cultures. Others have described PCR assays that can detect toxigenic V. cholerae directly in stool or in food after enrichment in APW. Direct detection of V. cholerae by PCR in stool or food may be hampered by substances present in these types of samples which inhibit DNA polymerase.